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By Bojanna Shantheyanda, Sreya Dutta, Kevin Coscia and David SchiemerDynalene, Inc. Fluid air conditioning, which can be achieved using indirect or direct means, is utilized in electronic devices applications having thermal power densities that may go beyond secure dissipation through air cooling. Indirect liquid air conditioning is where heat dissipating electronic components are physically divided from the liquid coolant, whereas in situation of direct cooling, the elements remain in straight contact with the coolant.


Nevertheless, in indirect cooling applications the electrical conductivity can be essential if there are leakages and/or splilling of the fluids onto the electronic devices. In the indirect cooling applications where water based fluids with corrosion inhibitors are generally utilized, the electric conductivity of the fluid coolant primarily depends upon the ion focus in the liquid stream.


The increase in the ion concentration in a shut loophole fluid stream may take place due to ion leaching from steels and nonmetal elements that the coolant liquid touches with. Throughout operation, the electric conductivity of the fluid may enhance to a level which might be harmful for the air conditioning system.

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(https://www.4shared.com/u/mKZvE6Vq/betteanderson.html)They are grain like polymers that can trading ions with ions in a solution that it is in call with. In today job, ion leaching examinations were done with various steels and polymers in both ultrapure deionized (DI) water, i.e. water which is dealt with to the highest degree of pureness, and reduced electrical conductive ethylene glycol/water combination, with the gauged adjustment in conductivity reported with time.


The examples were enabled to equilibrate at room temperature for two days prior to taping the first electric conductivity. In all tests reported in this research study fluid electric conductivity was determined to a precision of 1% making use of an Oakton CON 510/CON 6 series meter which was adjusted prior to each measurement.

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from the wall heating coils to the center of the heating system. The PTFE example containers were positioned in the furnace when steady state temperature levels were gotten to. The examination configuration was eliminated from the heating system every 168 hours (seven days), cooled to space temperature with the electrical conductivity of the liquid determined.


The electric conductivity of the fluid example was kept an eye on for a total amount of 5000 hours (208 days). Number 2. Schematic of the indirect closed loop cooling down experiment set-up - heat transfer fluid. Table 1. Components used in the indirect closed loophole cooling down experiment that touch with the liquid coolant. A schematic of the experimental setup is displayed in Number 2.


Before beginning each experiment, the examination configuration was washed with UP-H2O a number of times to remove any pollutants. The system was packed with 230 ml of UP-H2O and was allowed to equilibrate at space temperature level for an hour before recording the first electric conductivity, which was 1.72 S/cm. Liquid electric conductivity was measured to a precision of 1%.

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The modification in liquid electrical conductivity was monitored for 136 hours. The liquid from the system was accumulated and stored.


Table 2. Test matrix for both ion leaching and indirect closed loophole air conditioning experiments. Table 2 shows the examination matrix that was made use of for both ion leaching and closed loophole indirect air conditioning experiments. The change in electrical conductivity of the fluid examples when mixed with Dowex mixed bed ion exchange material was gauged.


0.1 g of Dowex material was contributed to 100g of liquid examples that was taken in a separate container. The combination was mixed and alter in the electrical conductivity at space temperature level was determined every hour. The gauged adjustment in the electrical conductivity of the UP-H2O and EG-LC test liquids consisting of polymer or steel when engaged for 5,000 hours at 80C is revealed Number 3.

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Ion seeping experiment: Measured change in electric conductivity of water and EG-LC coolants consisting of either polymer or steel samples when immersed for 5,000 hours at 80C. The results show that metals contributed fewer ions into the fluids than plastics in both UP-H2O and EG-LC based coolants.




Fluids including polypropylene and HDPE showed the lowest electric conductivity adjustments. This can be because of the brief, rigid, straight chains which are much less most likely to add ions than longer branched chains with weaker intermolecular pressures. Silicone additionally carried out well in both test liquids, as polysiloxanes are typically chemically inert due to the high bond power of the silicon-oxygen bond which would avoid destruction of the material into the liquid.

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It would be expected that PVC would generate similar outcomes to those of PTFE and HDPE based on the similar chemical structures important source of the materials, nevertheless there may be various other pollutants existing in the PVC, such as plasticizers, that may affect the electrical conductivity of the liquid - heat transfer fluid. In addition, chloride groups in PVC can also leach into the test fluid and can create an increase in electric conductivity


Polyurethane entirely disintegrated into the test liquid by the end of 5000 hour examination. Before and after photos of metal and polymer examples immersed for 5,000 hours at 80C in the ion leaching experiment.


Calculated change in the electrical conductivity of UP-H2O coolant as a feature of time with and without material cartridge in the shut indirect cooling loop experiment. The gauged modification in electrical conductivity of the UP-H2O for 136 hours with and without ion exchange material in the loophole is displayed in Figure 5.

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